使用 rsnapshot 備份及比較設定檔

1. 安裝 rsnapshot
在 Ubuntu 下直接用 apt-get install rsnapshot.
在 FreeBSD 下請到 /usr/ports/sysutils/rsnapshot 下 make install clean. (在我的 FreeBSD 實體及虛擬環境中並沒有實際安裝測試, 以下僅用 Ubuntu 作為範例.)

2. 調整設定檔 /etc/rsnapshot.conf

# diff /etc/rsnapshot.conf /etc/rsnapshot.conf.20120322
27c27
< snapshot_root /.rsnapshot/
---
> snapshot_root /var/cache/rsnapshot/
97c97
< retain                hourly  8
---
> retain                hourly  6
100c100
< retain                monthly 6
---
> #retain       monthly 3
124c124
< logfile       /var/log/rsnapshot.log
---
> #logfile      /var/log/rsnapshot.log
230c230
< #backup       /home/          localhost/
---
> backup        /home/          localhost/
232,235c232
< backup        /usr/local/etc/ localhost/
< backup        /var/log/       localhost/
< backup        /var/mail/      localhost/
< backup        /root           localhost/
---
> backup        /usr/local/     localhost/

註 : 因為 /home 已將大部分資料放上 NFS, 已經有 ZFS snapshot. 就不浪費時間多做 snapshot.

3. 設定定期執行

0 */3 * * * /usr/bin/rsnapshot hourly
0 23 * * * /usr/bin/rsnapshot daily
15 23 * * 1 /usr/bin/rsnapshot weekly
30 23 1 * * /usr/bin/rsnapshot monthly
0 0 * * 1 /PATH/TO/REPORT/PROG/report_CHK_ETC_diff.sh

4. CHK_ETC_diff.sh

#!/bin/bash

PATH=$PATH
CHKPARA=0

if [ -n "$1" ]; then
        CHKPATH="$1"
        shift
else
        CHKPARA=1
fi

if [ -n "$1" ]; then
        SSKEYWORD="$1"
        shift
else
        CHKPARA=1
fi

if [ -n "$1" ]; then
        SSBASE="$1"
        shift
else
        CHKPARA=1
fi

if [ $CHKPARA -eq 1 ]; then
        echo "Usage: $0 check_path snapshot_keyword snapshot_base_path"
        echo "Example: $0 /etc Weekly /SNAPSHOT/System"
        exit 1
else
        echo "Collect difference between $CHKPATH and $SSBASE/${SSKEYWORD}*$CHKPATH."
fi

date +"%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S"
LAST_DIR="/"
CHKPATH=`echo $CHKPATH | sed -e 's/\///'`

for CONF in `find $LAST_DIR$CHKPATH -type f -name '*'`
do
        if [ `ls $SSBASE | grep ${SSKEYWORD} |wc -l` -lt 1 ]; then
                echo "$SSBASE/${SSKEYWORD}* does not existed!"
                exit 1
        fi
        ls -d $SSBASE/${SSKEYWORD}* | while read DIR
        do
                if [ $LAST_DIR = "/" ]; then
                        HOST=""
                else
                        HOST="/localhost"
                fi
                if [ -f ${LAST_DIR}${HOST}${CONF} ]&&[ -f ${DIR}/localhost${CONF} ]; then
                        if [ $LAST_DIR = "/" ]; then
                                LAST_DIR=""
                        fi
                        DIFFC=`diff ${LAST_DIR}${HOST}${CONF} ${DIR}/localhost${CONF} | wc -l`
                        if [ $DIFFC -gt 0 ]; then
                                echo "[[[ Difference between ${LAST_DIR}${HOST}${CONF} and ${DIR}/localhost${CONF} ]]]"
                                diff ${LAST_DIR}${HOST}${CONF} ${DIR}/localhost${CONF}
                                echo ""
                        fi
                        DIFFC=0
                else
                        if [ ! -f ${LAST_DIR}${HOST}${CONF} ]; then
                                echo "File ${LAST_DIR}${HOST}${CONF} does not existed."
                        fi
                fi

                LAST_DIR=$DIR
        done
done
echo ""
date +"%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S"

5. report_CHK_ETC_diff.sh

#!/bin/bash

PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:${PATH}

CHKPROG="/PATH/TO/PROG/CHK_ETC_diff.sh /etc daily /.rsnapshot"
REPORTPATH="/PATH/TO/STORE/REPORT/report_CHK_ETC_diff"
REPORTKEYWORD="etcdiff"
REPORTTITLE="Check Difference of ETC Report"
REMAILADDR="ACCOUNT@DOMAIN.NAME"

mkdir -p $REPORTPATH/`date +"%Y"`
mv $REPORTPATH/${REPORTKEYWORD}_*.log $REPORTPATH/`date +"%Y"`
$CHKPROG > $REPORTPATH/${REPORTKEYWORD}_`hostname`_`date +"%Y%m%d"`.log
cat $REPORTPATH/${REPORTKEYWORD}_`hostname`_`date +"%Y%m%d"`.log | mail -s "$REPORTTITLE" $REMAILADDR

參考資料:
淺談linux下的快照備份軟體—rsnapshot